Eli5: what causes one currency to gain or lose value compared to another?

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I just read that the yen is really weak right now. In 2017 the euro was worth about 1.20 to 1.40 if I remember correctly (when I visited France.). Last year it was about 1:1.

What causes this fluctuation?

In: Economics

2 Answers

Anonymous 0 Comments

Ton of different variables. Countries may intentionally print more or less currency to adjust the purchasing power of their currency. Some may peg it to a larger currency like the USD so that there’s always X local currency for every dollar.

Demand itself could change. If no one wants to buy Japanese goods, then the yen may become less powerful. If people believe there may be another coup in Bolivia, the Bolivian peso may not be as valuable.

Anonymous 0 Comments

When you want to sell your product intenationally the buyer have to buy your country currency to do so. If your country have to buy more than sell it puts their currency in weaker position

This is why USA is meddling in affairs of whole world. They just keep everyone invested in US dollar and keep international trade (of oil, gold and other minerals) in USD.