Ton of different variables. Countries may intentionally print more or less currency to adjust the purchasing power of their currency. Some may peg it to a larger currency like the USD so that there’s always X local currency for every dollar.
Demand itself could change. If no one wants to buy Japanese goods, then the yen may become less powerful. If people believe there may be another coup in Bolivia, the Bolivian peso may not be as valuable.
When you want to sell your product intenationally the buyer have to buy your country currency to do so. If your country have to buy more than sell it puts their currency in weaker position
This is why USA is meddling in affairs of whole world. They just keep everyone invested in US dollar and keep international trade (of oil, gold and other minerals) in USD.
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