eli5 What does Bottlenecking means?

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My Graphics card is faster than my CPU like way too fast. I don’t know what that means.

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Your classmates George and Harold love to write comic books about their favorite underwear wearing superhero. It takes George an hour to write the story, and Harold half an hour to draw the pictures. By working together, how fast they can finish comic books? The answer would be one hour a comic book, because it takes George the full hour to write the book, and Harold can spend half an hour to draw the pictures and he can take a break while waiting for George the finish. If you ask Harold to draw faster, could the team finish comic books faster? Not really, because even if Harold was finished drawing quicker, he still has to wait until George finishes writing, and that takes an hour. In the end, the comic books can only be written as fast as the slowest member of the team.

In your computer, your CPU is the slowest member of the team, so no matter how fast your graphics card is, your computer stays about the same speed. We call that bottlenecking because water can only flow through a bottle as fast as the narrowest part of the bottle. When you are playing a computer game, your CPU does things like tell all the characters where to move, and then the CPU tells your graphics card where the characters currently are so your graphics card can draw each pixel on your screen to show that to you.

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