A brand is a way of transfering consumer trust between products, either across different business lines, or between product generations.
For example, you grow up with an NES. You enjoy it, and when the SNES comes out, you trust that it’s just as good, so you get that too.
But then you branch off and buy a Sony PlayStation. You like that, and when your TV breaks, you put value on the Sony name and choose to buy a Sony TV.
All this time you’ve been using a PC with Microsoft Windows, and you fucking hate it, so when Microsoft comes out with the XBox, you assume it will also be trash and you don’t buy it.
Different brands can exist at different levels. The Sony brand and the Sony PlayStation brand are not entirely the same. Brands are more than just the name, but also other things associated with them, like their Logo, or even their brand colors (within their industry).
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