A relational database is a database that relies on (related) tables for data storage. Typically they’ll use some flavor of SQL (structured query language) for access.
Any database that doesn’t rely on a tabular structure is not relational (or, more commonly, NoSQL). There are [several different types](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NoSQL#Types_and_examples) of NoSQL database, and which one is best depends on context.
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