Eli5: What is a shareholder? What do they do?

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Yesterday, I’ve learned that a South Korean multinational entertainment company, HYBE Entertainment who is the home of a super popular K-Pop band BTS, became a shareholder for a K-Pop music company, SM Entertainment, which cause a huge controversy for the past week. Correct me if I’m wrong.

I want to know more about shareholders like what they do, what they process. I’ve been surfing the Internet for information and seeing how many labels or companies were under HYBE.

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You and your friend start a company and are part owners. You both equally put your own personal money into it and split everything 50/50 so you agree both of you own an equal amount of the company. In the company’s paperwork, there are 2 shares, you each own one. The company becomes very successful and you want to expand so you decide you need to raise money. Instead of taking out a loan you both decide you want another friend to become a part owner. The 3 of you agree the business is now worth $1,000,000. Your friend wants says he wants to own 1/3 of the company so a new share is made. He buys the share for $333,333 and becomes a part owner and share holder. A year down the road, you want to expand to a new state because business is booming; the company is now worth $10,000,000 but it takes lots of money to expand and you decide to go public; you decide the business is worth $10,000,000 and people agree that it’s a solid company. You and your business decide to make 10,000,000 shares and you keep 50% of it to yourselves while you sill the rest on the market. People will either agree that your business is worth $10,000,000 or they won’t. If they agree then each share is worth $1, if think it’s worth more then they will fight over it and drive up the price, if it’s worth less then the price drops. A shareholder is an investor in your company, as investors they get to vote on who gets to be on the board of directors and who gets to be the CEO.

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