eli5 what is DHCP and IPv6?

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As the title says, I would like to understand what these things are and how they are related to each other (if they are), thank you all very much in advance!

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IPv6 is the new version of writing IPs that allows for many more addresses. The kind of IP you’re probably used to seeing (123.123.123.123) is IPv4 which is being (slowly) phased out because we have too many computers/devices that need IP addresses. IPv6 allows for many more things to connect to the internet and have their own unique address.

DHCP can be used at larger scale, but most commonly you’re going to see it in your house. Your router/modem acts as a DHCP server for all the things in your house (for most people, all the things on your wifi network). That way your one router can talk to the wider internet as one IP address and get the traffic for anything coming to your house and then the router/DHCP server pushes that traffic to the right device based on its internal IP address. If you ever see IP addresses that are 192.168.X.X those are always the ones your DHCP server is making. These mean nothing to the wider internet, only for your router/within your house. These can also change each time to turn off/on your device or leave/return to your house for something like your phone (the D stands for “dynamic”), although some routers will try to remember which device is which and keep their DHCP address consistent over time. In most cases leaving them dynamic is fine and easy, but if you want/need to use those local addresses to connect between computers on your network this can be helpful instead of having to adjust things every time based on the new address your DHCP gives to a device asking for an address on the network.

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