It’s basically how all pre-school learning is done. You provide access to activities that allow the child to participate in self-directed learning.
For example, you know those bead and string sets, well in Montessori you’d show the child the set and observe how they choose to play with it. Maybe they’ll thread the beads onto the string, or maybe they’ll sort the beads by shape or colour, maybe they’ll throw the beads at their sister and blame it on the dog. Either way, you observe the behaviour and you encourage the good things they’re doing. You don’t force them to do things one way.
It makes more sense in a group setting, where traditionally kids are encouraged and often forced to behave and interact in a uniform and proscribed fashion. To go back to the beads and string example, making all of the kids thread their beads in a specific pattern to teach them fine motor and pattern recognition skills. Montessori developed as a counter to that style of learning.
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