Biome is a specific type of local ecosystem (deciduous forest, tundra, etc) based on what lives there.
Ecosystem is all physics and chemistry in a specified area (up to planet sized) along with all the life that lives off of that physics and chemistry.
Environment is any somewhat loose collection of stuff, living and not (Mars Jezero Crater has an environment).
Terrain is ground and things that stick out of the ground (swamp, hill, mountain).
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