Can someone explain its significance and maybe a simple example as well?
In: 3585
People wearing a motorcycle helmet are much more likely to be killed in a motorcycle crash than people not wearing a motorcycle helmet.
Does that mean that motorcycle helmets cause fatal motorcycle crashes?
No! If you look more closely at the data you’ll find that the crucial variable is whether or not the person is riding a motorcycle.
The association between helmets and fatal crashes is true when you look at the entire population, but that is because the vast majority of people not wearing a helmet are not at any risk of dying in a crash because they are not riding a motorcycle.
If you restrict the data to people riding motorcycles, you will find that those wearing helmets are less likely to die in a crash.
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