They don’t.
Unions gain power in relation to the number of members the represent, especially if its the entirety of an industry.
The UAW, some state teachers unions, teamsters, dock workers, etc. all have extraordinary influence in their spheres. Heck, the dock worker strike a couple weeks ago had the potential of crippling the U.S. economy if it went more than the few days it did. Some teachers unions can effectively hold state governments hostage through political pressure, turns out a lot of people get real mad when their kids can’t go to school and they have to figure out childcare around work on almost no notice.
Police unions have a lot of influence because if they go on strike a lot of vital services are extremely reduced (they can’t completely stop all work/services).
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