When you’re driving on a wet surface, the water you’re driving over needs to move out of the way so that the tire’s rubber can make contact with the road. Without groves, it’s much harder for the water to get out of the way, it has to somehow get all the way to the edge of the tire. With groves, the water can just move an inch to the left into one of the groves, so that the treads can make full contact with the pavement. When you know conditions will be dry, you can do away with the grooves so that more rubber can be in contact with the road.
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