When the chemical propellant in the charge burns, it results in a lot of expanding gas. And that has to go somewhere. In open air it just spreads out and makes noise, but if it were placed directly up against something that’s still enough to blow a hole in it.
Or picture it being the same amount of force that would push on a bullet, instead pushing on whatever else is in the way. Air wouldn’t carry energy much simply because of how it disperses, but against somebody’s head a small chunk of skull bone would essentially become the bullet.
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