You might be mistaking a hidden cistern for one being plumbed into the mains.
An exposed cistern (tank) in public is at risk of damage and vandalism to an extent that water is wasted and the toilet is not functional for weeks until repaired. This isn’t an issue in private residences (but is done in more modern homes just for visual appeal).
This could also be a regional thing as I can’t think of any public toilets near me that don’t have either a exposed cistern or hidden.
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