The purpose of a submarine is not to counter other submarines. Submarines, especially in WW2, were used to utilize their ability to get behind enemy lines to harass shipping. They used their periscope to see targets and would engage with targets using their deck gun and torpedoes.
Destroyers and aircraft were purpose built to locate and attack submarines. Aircraft allow you to scan a large swath of the ocean quickly and surface ships can have larger radar equipment and plenty of ordnance for neutralizing a submarine. I believe most submarine attacks happened in the middle of the passage where planes didn’t have the range to cover the convoy. And still to this day, air aircraft like the P-8 Poseidon and helicopters on anti-submarine warships are used to locate and destroy submarines.
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