I can talk about India. India has the world’s largest Arable land. Both America and China are three times as big as india but still hold less or similar kind of Arable land. Excellent weather, almost all the places are inhabitable, very few extreme weather issues, long warm water coasts, predictable rain due to monsoons, well defined seasons, three to four agricultural seasons, etc. All these adds up easy food and shelter resulting in high population. India has been highly populated since almost from the advent of agriculture
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