The original shoe sizes used in English speaking countries were in barleycorns which is an old fashioned imperial unit for a third of an inch.
Also while they changed around what shoe and clothes sizes means a number of times, they learned that for female customers smaller number for size are more popular so switching some other smaller unit (like line which is 1/4 of a barelycorn and 1/12 of an inch) would have made the size number sound bigger and less attractive to some customers.
Using Japanese sizing is a good idea because they use centimeters so it’s a more accurate metric for measuring shoe size, opposed to normal sizes that can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. Some shoes say “JP” or “CM”. So once you know your shoe size in CM, in theory, you should always find the right fit.
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