The original shoe sizes used in English speaking countries were in barleycorns which is an old fashioned imperial unit for a third of an inch.
Also while they changed around what shoe and clothes sizes means a number of times, they learned that for female customers smaller number for size are more popular so switching some other smaller unit (like line which is 1/4 of a barelycorn and 1/12 of an inch) would have made the size number sound bigger and less attractive to some customers.
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