One thing that factors into it is the speed at which the species reproduces. Humans won’t evolve as fast as say, mice, because it takes about 15 years before they can reproduce (on the short side) whereas mice can do that in a matter of weeks.
Another factor is what is causing the need for evolution. If there are no issues, there is no need for evolution, but if something catastrophic occurs and the need arises, those with the needed traits will be more likely to survive and pass on those new or rare traits.
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