Some water resources are underground water reserves that very slowly recharge (or not at all in the case of certain deserts). So if your area relies on these, using more water than what comes in these reserves will deplete them. You can have the imbalance for years and years before the depletion has any impact, so politicians will just tell people to conserve water (on a voluntary basis) instead of taking actual measures that could upset people.
Sometimes it happens with lakes too, and lakes can shrink as a result until they’re dead.
But these are all local issues. Saving water in Chicago where water comes from giant lakes will have no impact on the Californian water reserves, let alone the ones in India.
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