the short answer is “it’s got farther to go” you can work it out in a few steps.
1.) if the pole is spinning it’s all turning together because it’s a solid object, right? when the middle bit makes 1 full rotation the outer bit has to as well.
2.) the outer bit has to go all the way around in a big circle in the same amount of time that the inner bit just has to turn a much smaller circle, so the outer bit must be moving very fast to do that.
I think the part that seems weird is when you say the pole is one solid object, you want to say that one part can’t move faster than another part, right? it would tear itself apart. but that’s just the funny thing about rotational motion, the actual speed does depend on how far you are from the center.
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