On the compression stroke, the piston moves up, compresses air, and when the piston gets to the top, the injector rocker actuates the injector, and squirts in some fuel.
But with a Jake, instead of the injector rocker being actuated, it diverts to the exhaust valves, and dumps all that compressed air out at once. It’s loud.
Basically air gets pushed out of each cylinder gradually during normal operation. But with a Jake, it gets built up, and dumped all at once.
That’s about as ELI5 as I can do it.
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