Eli5 why does not gravity pull the water down from a sponge or any other absorbant material?
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Because the adhesion force between the water and that absorbent material is stronger than the gravitational pull on the water from the Earth. Water has physical properties that can make it move against gravity in certain circumstances. This is how trees are able to extract water from the roots to feed leaves despite the fact that the cells that transport the water are dead and thus there isn’t any active pumping of the water.
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