Currently, there are only 5 entitles potentially considered superpowers. The United States is the only superpower that isnt really contested. Russia, China, and India can make good claims for being superpowers, and the ENTIRITY of the EU working together can also be considered a superpower.
Its amazingly rare for a nation to become a superpower. Even highly developed nations like Japan are not generally considered superpowers (even to the Japanese).
If you look at all of the superpowers, they have a few things in common. Large areas of land, little internal conflict, a stable government (or a set of stable governments that get along), a large population, and generally, a cohesive culture.
If you look at Africa, it is a bunch of unpopulated medium sized countries that often cant agree with each other where the borders are. (Much of this can be blamed on the French and British). The entirety of Africa MIGHT be able to be a superpower if it could be unified, but there is a vast array of conflicting cultures that prevent that, and if anyone tried to unite Africa via force, they would likely meet with resistance from the existing superpowers. Not because the superpowers want to exclude Africa from joining, but because expansionistic warlord dictators have NEVER been a good thing for the world.
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