because they’ve literally been controlled by the superpowers the whole time.
France and England drew up the borders for many of those countries not respecting religious or cultural ties, causing many wars while they and later others like the US extracted the resources.
Historically there have been situations where countries tried to gain back control over their oil or the like and thus democratically elected leaders were killed/sabotaged by said superpowers.
With this precarious situation the seeds for widespreed corruption are also sown making it often difficult to achieve any progress.
and usually “developmental aid” and the like is Western powers (or China) paying “their” companies to build stuff with “their” employees so very little of that actually profits African people and it’s more of a subsidy for the western companies. (especially regarding food+clothing the “help” from Europe+US often destroys any chance for local economies to form)
this is honestly too wide of a question to really an answer to.
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