Are the electrons in a metal cable not also traveling with the speed of light?!
Why is there so much more bandwidth possible with fiber wiring?
Is the metal cable more prone to external influences? Is the signal getting worse and disturbing itself when trying to achieve higher frequency / bandwidth?
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Both copper and fiber use carrier waves to transmit data. With a carrier wave, we modulate (repeatedly change) some property of the wave, whether amplitude, frequency, or phase, in order to represent the data. The amount of data a carrier wave can transmit is dependent on the frequency of the carrier wave. Higher frequencies mean a higher data rate. Fiber can allow carrier waves with much higher frequencies than copper can, 10^14 Hz for fiber vs 10^9 Hz for copper.
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