eli5: Why is it harder to pull things out of a pool than open air?

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Someone reminded me of that wife’s tale where it takes a crane to remove a mattress from a pool and that itself reminds me of how sometimes removing certain floaties from the pool could be needlessly hard at times while super easy other times. Why does this happen?

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Because water is over 800 times more dense than air and it sticks to things better than air. That density means you encounter more resistance when you travel through it because you have to move more mass out of the way. That’s why boat propellers are so small compared to aircraft propellers. An aircraft has to move 800 times more air to generate the same amount of force in water.

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