When the baby is in the womb, the lungs do not oxygenate the blood like they do outside. Instead there is an opening in the heart that allows the blood to skip going to the lungs. Once the baby is born, the pressure from crying helps to close that hole so that blood does go to the lungs to get oxygen. Sometimes it doesn’t close completely, and medications can be given to help close it, or in severe circumstances, surgery.
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