eli5 Why is it so important to „capture“ the capital city in a war?

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Does it really change the outcome of the war? Does a country fall when the capital city is captured?

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Capturing the capital is really just a symbol and the country doesn’t necessarily fall. For example, Napoleon captured Moscow in September 1812. However, he couldn’t stay long and ultimately was devastated in Russia. Great Britain captured Philadelphia (the revolutionary capital) in 1777 and Washington D.C. in 1814. Neither of those events spelled the end of the USA. In contrast, in the US civil war, General Grant ignored Richmond and simply tried to destroy Lee’s army. That was ultimately a better strategy.

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