Generally, fertility drops as people get richer. They get better education about family planning, better access to contraceptives, and women have career alternatives that keep them in education and work in their 20s rather than marriage and having children beginning in their late teens. Much of the world has gotten richer over the recent decades, so we’re seeing many countries moving toward the fertility patterns of “rich” countries were people have just about 2 kids (often less than 2 for people born in the rich country, supplemented by higher birth rates from immigrants).
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