For an extreme example, just imagine we only have 10000 people left in a country. You would be catapulted back into medieval times.
The more humans there are, the better our interlinked complex systems function. We need Specialisation.
Everything get’s cheaper with more humans (except land).
Now 10000 people is extreme. But if the population is declining… when does it stop? Why would it stop? So it is not that unrealistic that we reach really low numbers.
There’s also the fact that a collective of more people has more power. You don’t really want to be outnumbered ever if possible (though we compensate with technology and infrastructure). If western nations shrink enough, and other nations continue to grow they will outcompete us. That is maybe not bad for “humans”, but for us it is.
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