Typically dementia patients die of complications. If they can’t move much anymore, bed sores can set in and become septic. If they can’t swallow right, they may get pneumonia from the food or drink they inhale. They can get blood clots from not moving enough. Fluid overload from iv drips can stress their hearts. Malnutrition is rare thanks to iv or tube feeding but can happen. Same for dehydration.
Opportunistic infections are quite common in my experience. The nursing home could be seeing a mrsa outbreak or a nurse accidentally brought in COVID etc.
I rarely saw dementia itself kill. It was usually a complication of what dementia was doing to them that killed before the brain forgot how to maintain the other organs
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