The force is the same either way. Whether it is created ten feet or ten inches in front of your shoulder, it transmits straight back to your shoulder. The distance that matters is how far *above* (or below but that is rare) your shoulder the force is, as this causes it to be unbalanced and rotate the weapon.
Recoil dampening mechanisms both are and are not a thing. That momentum can’t just disappear. Heavier weapons will generally experience less recoil from the same round, and weapons with heavier moving parts have a bit of a complicated relationship with recoil, but you can’t just make that momentum disappear with springs or shocks.
One major tool for recoil control is spreading out the time that force is experienced. This helps the user “get a grip” on it, while of course not actually getting rid of any momentum. Not all weapons try to do this. Many do not try to do this.
Another tool is the muzzle brake, which may be closer to the user in a bullpup (making it less pleasant) but still it serves its purpose the same.
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