eli5: Why O2 and H2 are gasses but H2O is a liquid?

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In the same conditions of course.

In: Chemistry

8 Answers

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The state of matter is determined by how the molecules in the substance are attracted to each other. H2 and O2 are non polar molecules, so they don’t have a particular charge on one end, so there isn’t much intermolecular attraction. Water, however, is a polar molecule. The hydrogen has a slightly positive charge because all of the electrons stay close to the oxygen atom, giving it a slightly negative charge. The hydrogens from one molecule get pulled towards the oxygen of another molecule, resulting in a strong attraction between different molecules. Not strong enough to be a solid, but strong enough to not be a gas.

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