Using trees is not the problem. Trees grow quickly enough. The real problem is that we use too much paper and other cellulose based products. This leads to deforestation in some parts of the the globe and to monocultures in others.
Some have already commented about monocultures actually being ok for biodiversity if you use native trees. This is a very common misconception that’s being spread eagerly by pulp industry and pulp wood producers. In reality, only the natural cycles of forests with native trees are able to create habitats for every species.
The only real solution is to consume less.
I know this is an unsatisfying answer, but the actual answer is that it’s most profitable to make almost all paper from trees.
There are paper products that are made from something other than trees. For example, I tend to think of US money as being made of paper, but it’s actually made out of 75% cotton and 25% linen. Now, strictly speaking, that doesn’t necessarily mean it’s not paper, because cotton and linen are fibrous plant material just like wood pulp is, but it’s probably not what you normally think of when you think of paper.
But for normal paper, as it turns out, you make the most profit by growing fast growing and easily pulpable trees like pines. They have an advantage compared to a lot of other sources in that the cellulose fibers are longer than you get from many other sources, so the paper is stronger. And although they certainly don’t grow as tall as quickly as bamboo, they grow pretty darn quickly.
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