Most forms of evidence we’re looking for are relayed by electromagnetic radiation, i.e. light. That includes things like radio transmissions (radio waves, like visible light, are a form of electromagnetic radiation) as well as interpretations of the wavelengths of light we receive from a certain planet which can indicate the presence of oxygen or water or even things like pollutants from fossil fuel combustion which might suggest the presence of heavy industry.
So if an alien civilization in Andromeda existed two million years ago and used radio communications or had fossil fuel energy systems, we might be able to detect by pointing a telescope at it and reading such signals in the electromagnetic radiation coming from that source.
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