The programmer wrote a a programmer, the compiler/assembler took the stuff he wrote and re-wrote it so a machine could understand it.
So for example it might write.
JMP 0x2131 meaning go to the part of the code marked 0x2131.
All of this would be written in binary so it would be:
111010010010000100110001
You then opened it with notepad.
Basically, you told notepad, here’s a bunch of text, read it like a text file.
So it looks up, what “11101001” is, then what “00100001”, then what”00110001″ is.
Which is “�!1”
Because you told it this was a text file, when it’s an instruction set.
every file on computer is stored in binary form. Notepad has an option to select the encoding (default is unicode, but you can select others, like ascii). What that means is that it will translate each group of 8 bits into a character. But if you open something that wasn’t supposed to be a text, for example, an executable file (.exe, or .elf) those bits aren’t characters, but instructions to the OS, so the result are random characters.
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