The same 2% milk has much longer shelf life in the tiny milk cups, why is that?
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It’s not the same. The creamer cups are pasteurized, have preservatives added, etc. to make them shelf stable at room temp for long periods of time. Regular milk is pasteurized, but that’s about it. Even refrigerated it will last a few weeks at the most.
The tiny milk cups are Ultra High Temperature pasteurized. Normal milk is pasteurized, meaning it is heated to a certain temperature which kills most bacteria, giving it a shelf life of several weeks. In the UHT process the milk is heated to a higher temperature which kills the rest of the bacteria, giving the milk a much longer shelf life, and without refrigeration.
The tiny cups contain additives (preservatives) which prevent the milk from spoiling. Since the cups are much smaller than a quart, the amount of additive is negligible and does not affect the taste. If a larger container had the same proportion of additive, it would be noticeable when drinking a glass of milk or when added to cereal. The total amount of additive consumed would also exceed recommended limits.
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