Two key parts of batteries are the cathode and anode. What happens that these solids are next to each other with a separator in between them.
In typical batteries, these are solids. They’re stuff like metals and graphite.
In flow batteries, the cathode and anode are liquids. So instead of a chunk of a lithium compound and a chunk of graphite, you have 2 55 gallon drums of liquid.
They have some advantages over regular batteries. They can be a bit safer, they’re easier to scale (just add more liquid) and store well. But they’re newer (ie expensive), are heavy and are, well, liquid. So they may work well for storing solar, but your not using them for a car or a phone
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