thats called a turbo
on combustion engines the exhaust gas flows through a series of fan blades that turn(usually mechanically) other fan blades that feed more air to the engine. this tends to improve the efficiency of the engine but the exhaust gas must still escape to lower pressure to turn the turbo. so the co2 still escapes. converting co2 back into burnable fuel such as gas or sugars is something currently only plants can do efficiently via photosynthesis(using solar energy to break oxygen from carbon , adding water and making sugars.
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