Wing pushes air down. Air moves down. If the air did not move down as easily, the wing could push harder. Having the ground right there makes a huge difference in how easily the air can move.
Ground effect vehicles take advantage of this to get more lift from the same wing/amount of air.
Airplanes are already a super safe means of public transport, in large part because they are far away from anything that they might collide with. Their biggest hazard is the high speeds involved. A ground effect vehicle can take advantage of lower speeds, but still has to go quite fast, can’t steer well, and is seriously limited by weight.
So, they’re not really competitive with anything. Cars maneuver better and can carry more, planes are faster and can carry almost as well, and trains can carry *way* more.
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