How are blackholes created?
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There are multiple types of black holes, and the others explaining stars collapsing is correct, but I would add the reason why they collapse. Stars generate heat with nuclear fusion. They squeeze atoms together so hard, they merge and become a bigger atom. The most basic example is squeezing hydrogen until it becomes helium. This continues with heavier elements, but iron can’t be fused any further, so once the star’s core contains mostly iron, it stops producing heat. This heat is what keeps the star “inflated”, preventing gravity from pulling everything into the center. Once it’s gone, gravity wins, most of the star falls into the center while the outermost layers break free. The core and inner layers collapse into a heavy object (white dwarf stars are the least dense, neutron stars are in-between, black holes are the densest) while the rest of the star turns into a supernova explosion.
The other type of black hole, a primordial one, is harder to detect for a few reasons. They are very small and they were not created by collapsing stars but by the big bang itself, so they don’t come with the usual gas clouds left by exploding stars. Their existence is debated, but there is even a theory stating that there is one in our solar system. There is a missing planet that has more mass than Earth based on the effects it has on objects in the outer solar system, but it hasn’t been found yet, even though its effects show where it’s supposed to be
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