Imagine a house of cards on a table. If you jostle the table sideways, it buckles and collapses. This force is called shear, if you wanted to make the house if cards stay up, you need to make it resist shear forces, by applying something like tape to make it wobble without collapsing.
It’s the same idea on a larger scale. They add in the ability for the building to sway without falling. This can mean making the building sit on giant springs (like car suspension) or on “hinges” of sorts.
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