How are heat waves transparent but also have shadows?
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If you’ve ever put a pen into a glass of water you know how different materials bend light. Since air is technically a fluid, it also bends light, but because air is everywhere we don’t notice it, similar to how you can only see that something is off at the surface of the water, but once you’re inside the water looking around everything is normal. Now, this also happens at different temperatures of the same material and so when the hot air escapes into the cold air there is some light bending happening, which causes the distinct flicker, and in turn the shadow, because some spots now get more light than others when the light is deflected off its straight path.
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