because deleting data only deletes the Address of that data, it doesn’t actually go to the physical data itself and take it away, because you can’t do that, in order to completely erase data, you need to replace it with new ones, i am not sure of the exact reason, but if for every time you press delete, the hard drive had to actually write new data over the old one and get rid of the address, i believe this will reduce the hard drive life by up to 70% maybe ? cause writing data is an actual physical task where a laser beam is literally engraving a disc (in the case of Hard Drives)
So the solution that OS writers opted for is instead of overwriting, they just mark that space as “available”, so that when new data comes they can use that space.
This allows you (or law enforcement) to use various programs that go through the data device “manually” and seek everything, they are called recovery softwares.
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