It’s pretty complex, but at the most basic level memories are stored in the chemicals in the synapsis between two neurons.
Edit: I looked into it and found that this theory doesn’t have clear consensus in the scientific community, my bad.
For anyone interested, I suggest reading this: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959438815001270?via%3Dihub,
especially the paragraph “Synaptic plasticity as a mechanism of memory”.
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