They’re imprinted in a way analogous to a hard drive writing 0’s and 1’s on the disk.
In this case, the disk is certain areas of your brain set up for this, and the imprints, rather than 0’s and 1’s, are networking of axons and dendrites as well as the neurotransmitters and electrical activity connecting them. It helps me to think about that complex inter-arrangement as a QR code that your brain can make sense of when it needs to recall it.
How we perceive that as a “memory” is more philosophical than neurobiological.
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