How are people on a submarine able to be spacially aware of what’s around them?

Question

Example – In *The Hunt For Red October*, Petty Officer Jones can tell where submarines are and what they’re doing just be listening to sonar. So how do submariners do this, especially since there aren’t any viewscreens or windows on the boat? Like how did Jones know that USS *Dallas* just inbetween *Red October* and the Soviet sub to distract the torpedo?

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Answer 1

>So how do submariners do this, especially since there aren’t any viewscreens or windows on the boat?

You already gave the answer: sonar. When the sonar pulse comes back, the information is relayed to a display screen and then you read it. It takes training to understand what the screen is showing you, but it’s all there.