How are Scandinavian countries so prosperous despite not engaging in external colonialism ?
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Because colonialism doesn’t make societies wealthy by definition and certainly isn’t a necessary element to prosperity. If anything, colonies end up as net-losses for the powers that ‘own’ them in the long term. Scandinavian societies are prosperous today due to early industrialisation, large amounts of natural resources (including land) compared to their (highly skilled and educated) relatively small populations.
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