How are the small, remote settlements of the world (i.e. upper Greenland, Nunavut, Pitcairn Island, Tristan de Cunha) able to avoid a completely incestuous population?
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I read something once (fact or fiction can’t remember) that said this was a recognised problem by village elders and chiefs in the “pre modern” world. Therefore when travellers passed through their lands (often European explorers) they would actually offer them a woman in the hope that they would get pregnant and that would diversify / enrichen their gene pool. Maybe this is nonsense, they wouldn’t have understood genes I’m sure, but it makes sense.
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