Regions remain unexplored or minimally explored for a number of factors but islands generally combine remoteness / relative difficulty in travel to with minimal reason to do it. If it’s very small and doesn’t seem populated with anything interesting then it’s simply not worth expending the resources to go there.
The list of such places are very small and usually consists of exceptional places. There are for example islands which were “discovered” in the 1800s by sailing ships but which we have since not found. Some islands are formed by volcanic activity and is quickly eroded away so you need to be there at the right time to visit them. Some islands are just so inhospitable that it is physically difficult to visit them. You need good weather and a helicopter and even then have to avoid parts of the island because it is too dangerous. And anything you leave will be destroyed by the waves in the next storm. Then there are islands and other places where we have pissed off the natives for generations and they do not want us there any longer, so we stay away.
There aren’t, every island and piece of land was mapped. There are a handful of islands that have hostile natives that essentially have travel bans both to protect the natives and the would be explorers.
Some more have similar bans due to them being nature reserves but they still have been explored.
But there are probably still many islands that no human has set foot (or at least documented setting foot on) on simply because they are not interesting.
There is no point to explore every island in an archipelago of 50,000 islands in the Pacific or visit every bird shit island in the Atlantic.
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